The Universal Periodic Review (UPR), created by the Human Rights Council (HRC) is the most recent mechanism in the UN human rights system. The first UPR cycle began in 2008 and will be completed in 2011. By the end of 2009, half the UN member states will have been reviewed. December 18 is working on a research paper documenting and analyzing the scope and treatment of the issue of migrants and human rights in the UPR.